What is motor neurone disease (MND)?
Neurones are cells that transmit data from the brain to the muscles, allowing us to move our limbs and breathe etc. MND is a disorder where these neurones degenerate to the point where the muscles weaken and movement is impaired.
MND varies greatly between one person and the next – it is, in fact, a collection of diseases and does not exist in the singular. In general the symptoms increase in severity as time goes on – sometimes facial and throat muscles may become affected, making speech and swallowing difficult. Carers may be needed as the disease progresses.
Is MND contagious?
No. You can't get MND from anybody else. Anyone can get the disease, but men have a higher chance of developing it than women, and most carriers are over the age of 40. Around two people in 100,000 are diagnosed with MND each year.
Different theories exist as to why MND might develop, among them genetic abnormalities, excess amino acid production and excess oxidation.
How is MND diagnosed?
After first symptoms appear, a neurologist will usually make a diagnosis. Diagnosis can be quite difficult as the symptoms can often present as other disorders.
Symptoms may include cramps and spasms, stiffness, watering eyes, dribbling and difficulty in breathing.
Will my mind be affected?
In the majority of cases, the brain is not affected. Many of the body's core functions are not affected – for example, patients are unlikely to become incontinent or lose their sexual urges, although this does occur in a significant minority of cases.
Can MND be cured?
No, not at present. Certain drug treatments may be available that can slow the progress of the disease, for example anti-glutamate drugs. Some patients also find that their symptoms may be partially assuaged by alternative therapies such as acupuncture. Your doctor can advise. Although specific lifespans are difficult to predict, it is likely that sufferers will have a reduced life expectancy.
Where can I find more information?
Support groups can provide a great deal of information and advice. Check out the MND Association of Victoria for more information.
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